Agriculture

Crop Production

Integrated Pest Managment

IPM for vegetable crops

IPM Strategies for  Spinach

Spinach Pests 

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<h3>Pests of National Significance</h3>
<h4>Insect and mite pests</h4>
<ul>
<li><b>Leaf miner:</b> Liriomyza trifolii Burgess (Diptera: Agromyzidae)</li>
<li><b>Spinach crown mite:</b> Rhizoglyphus sp (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae)</li>
<li><b>Beet armyworm:</b> Spodoptera exigua Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)</li>
<li><b>Tobacco caterpillar:</b> Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)</li>
<li><b>Leaf eating caterpillar/gram pod borer:</b> Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)</li>
<li><b>Cutworm:</b> Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)</li>
<li><b>Amaranthus weevil:</b> Hymenia recurvalis Fab. syn. Spoladea recurvalis Fab. ( Lepidoptera: Crambidae)</li>
<li><b>Aphid:</b> Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)</li>
</ul>
<h4>Diseases</h4>
<ul>
<li><b>Downy mildew:</b> Peronospora farinose  f.sp. spinaceae Fr.</li>
<li><b>Anthracnose:</b> Colletotrichum dematium (Pers.) Grove</li>
<li><b>Cladosporium leaf spot:</b> Cladosporium variabile (Cooke) de Vries</li>
<li><b>Stemphylium leaf spot:</b> Stemphylium botryosum Wallr</li>
<li><b>Damping off and root rot:</b> Pythium sp. And Rhizoctonia sp.</li>
</ul>
<h4>Weeds</h4>
<h5>Broad leaf</h5>
<ul>
<li><b>Dock’s:</b> Rumex dentatus L. (Polygonacae)</li>
<li><b>Sweet clover:</b> Melilotus alba Medik. , M. indicus (L.) All. (Fabaceae)</li>
<li><b>Wild pea:</b> Lathyrus aphaca L. (Fabaceae)</li>
<li><b>Pig weed:</b> Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h5>Grasses</h5>
<ul>
<li><b>Burmuda grass:</b> Cynodon dactylon L. (Poaceae)</li>
<li><b>Darnel:</b> Lolium temulantum L. (Poaceae)</li>
<li><b>Polypogon:</b> Polypogon monspeliensis (L.)Desf. (Poaceae) </li>
</ul>
<h5>Sedges</h5>
<ul>
<li><b>Nut grass: </b>Cyperus rotundus L., (Cyperaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h3>IPM for Spinach</h3>
<p>To know the IPM practices for Spinach, <a href="http://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/integrated-pest-managment/ipm-for-vegetables/ipm-strategies-for-spinach/spinach-crop-stage-wise-ipm" target="_blank" class="internal-link">click here</a>.</p>
<p><b>Source:</b> <a class="ext-link-icon external-link" href="https://niphm.gov.in/IPMPackages/Spinach.pdf" target="_blank" title="niphm.gov.in (External website that opens in new window)"><i>NIPHM</i></a>,  and <a class="ext-link-icon external-link" href="http://ppqs.gov.in/" target="_blank" title="ppqs.gov.in (External website that opens in new window)"><i>Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine &amp; Storage</i></a></p>
</div>

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