Agriculture

Crop Production

Integrated Pest Managment

IPM for spice crops

IPM Strategies for Small cardamom

Small cardmom: Pests

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<div id="MiddleColumn_internal">
<h3>Pests of National Significance</h3>
<h4>Insect pests</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Cardamom thrips:</strong> Sciothrips cardamomi Ramakrishna (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)</li>
<li><strong>Shoot/panicle/capsule borer:</strong> Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)</li>
<li><strong>Early capsule borer:</strong> Jamides alecto felder (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)</li>
<li><strong>Rootgrub:</strong> Basilepta fulvicornis Jacoby (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)</li>
</ul>
<h4>Diseases</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>‘Katte’ or mosaic or marble disease:</strong> Cardamom mosaic virus</li>
<li><strong>Primary nursery leaf spot:</strong> Phyllosticta elettariae Chowdhury</li>
<li><strong>Capsule rot/azhukal disease:</strong> Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae Breda de Haan, P. meadii McRae</li>
<li><strong>Nursery leaf rot:</strong> Fusarium spp., Alternaria spp.</li>
<li><strong>Damping off or seedling rot:</strong> Pythium vexans de Bary and Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn, Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht</li>
<li><strong>Clump rot or rhizome rot:</strong> Pythium vexans de Bary, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn and Fusarium sp.</li>
</ul>
<h4>Nematode</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Root-knot nematode:</strong> Meloidogyne spp.</li>
</ul>
<h4>Weeds</h4>
<h5>Broadleaf</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Goat weed:</strong> Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Spanish needles:</strong> Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Creeping wood sorrel:</strong> Oxalis corniculata L. (Oxalidaceae)</li>
<li>Neanotis wightiana Wallich ex Wight &amp; Arnott) N. indica (Rubiaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Soft blumea:</strong> Blumea wightiana D. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Little ironweed: </strong>Vernonia cineria (L.) Less. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Asiatic pennywort:</strong> Centella asiatica L. (Apiaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h5>Grasses</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Bermuda grass:</strong> Cynodon dactylon (L) (Poaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Crowfoot grass:</strong> Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd. (Poaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Wrinkled duck-beak:</strong> Ischaemum rugosum Salisb. (Poaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Buffalo grass:</strong> Paspalum conjugatum Bergius (Poaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Bunch grass: </strong>Eragrostis tanella (L.) Roem.&amp; Schult. (Poaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Wavy leaf basket grass:</strong> Oplimenus undulatifolius (Ard.) (Poaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h5>Sedges</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Purple nutsedge:</strong> Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h5>Rodents</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Three stripped squirrel:</strong> Funambulus palmarum (Linnaeus)</li>
<li><strong>Lesser bandicoot:</strong> Bandicota bengalensis (Gray)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Pests of Regional Significance</h3>
<h4>Insect and mite pests</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Cardamom whitefly:</strong> Kanakarajiella cardamomi David and Subramaniam (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)</li>
<li><strong>Hairy caterpillars:</strong> Eupterote undata, E. fabia, E. cardamomi, E. canaraica, E. mollis and E. blanda (Lepidoptera: Eupterotidae)</li>
<li><strong>Shoot fly:</strong> Formosina flavipes, Malloch (Diptera: Chlopidae)</li>
<li><strong>Lacewing bug:</strong> Stephanitis typicus Distant (Hemiptera: Tingidae)</li>
</ul>
<h3>IPM for Small Cardamom</h3>
<p>To know the IPM practices for Small Cardamom, <a href="http://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/integrated-pest-managment/ipm-for-spice-crops/ipm-strategies-for-small-cardamom/small-cardamom-crop-stage-wise-ipm" target="_blank" class="internal-link">click here.</a></p>
<p><strong>Source:</strong> <a class="ext-link-icon external-link" href="http://niphm.gov.in/IPMPackages/Smallcardamom.pdf" target="_blank" title="niphm.gov.in (External website that opens in new window)"><i>NIPHM</i></a> and <a class="ext-link-icon external-link" href="http://ppqs.gov.in/" target="_blank" title="ppqs.gov.in (External website that opens in new window)"><i>Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine &amp; Storage</i></a></p>
</div>

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