Agriculture

Crop Production

Integrated Pest Managment

IPM for fruit crops

IPM Strategies for Grapes

Grapes Pests

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<div id="MiddleColumn_internal">
<h3>Pests of National Significance</h3>
<h4>Insect pests</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Mealybugs:</strong> Ferrisia virgata Cockerell, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, Pseudococcus maritimus, Ferrisia virgata Cockerell (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)</li>
<li><strong>Flea beetle:</strong> Scelodonta strigicollis (Olivier) (Coleotoptera: Chrysomelidae)</li>
<li>Girdle beetle/Grape cane girdler Ampelo glypterater LeConte (Coleotoptera: Cerambycidae: Curculionidae)</li>
<li><strong>Thrips:</strong> Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)</li>
<li><strong>Hoppers:</strong> Empoasca fabae, Erythroneura comes (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)</li>
<li><strong>Stem borers:</strong> Celosterna scabrator F., (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)</li>
<li><strong>Leaf eating caterpillar:</strong> Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)</li>
<li><strong>Grape leaf folder:</strong> Desmia funeralis (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)</li>
</ul>
<h4>Diseases</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Downy mildew:</strong> Plasmopara viticola (Berk. &amp; Curt.) Berl.&amp; de Toni</li>
<li><strong>Powdery mildew:</strong> Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr.</li>
<li><strong>Anthracnose:</strong> Elsinoe ampelina (de Bary) Shear</li>
<li><strong>Greenaria bitter rot:</strong> Greenaria uvicolaBark and Curt.</li>
<li><strong>Bacterial leaf spot:</strong> Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris (Pammel) Dowson</li>
<li><strong>Alternaria blight:</strong> Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., Alternaria tenuissima (Kunze) Wiltshire</li>
<li><strong>Black rot:</strong> Guignardia bidwelli(Ellis) Viala &amp; Ravaz</li>
<li><strong>Post-harvest berry rots caused by fungi </strong> 
<ul>
<li><strong>Blue mould rot:</strong> Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc.</li>
<li><strong>Black mould rot:</strong> Aspergillusniger Van Tieghem</li>
<li><strong>Green mould:</strong> Aspergillus flavus Link.</li>
<li><strong>Rhizopus rot:</strong> Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenberg </li>
<li><strong>Botrytis Bunch Rot or Gray Mold of Grape:</strong> Botrytis cinerea (De Bary) Whetzel</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h4>Nematodes</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Root-knot Nematode:</strong> Meloidogyne spp.,</li>
</ul>
<h4>Weeds</h4>
<h5>Broadleaf</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Pigweed:</strong> Amaranthus viridis, Hook. F. (Amaranthaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Common purselane: </strong>Portulaca oleracea L. (Portualacaceae)</li>
<li><strong>False amaranth: </strong>Digera arvensis Forssk. (Amaranthaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Carrot grass: </strong>Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Goat weed: </strong>Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Coat buttons:</strong> Tridax procumbens L. (Fabaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Spanish needles:</strong> Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Silk leaf:</strong> Lagascea mollis Cav. (Asteraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Madras leaf-flower:</strong> Phyllanthus madraspatensis L. (Euphorbiaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h5>Grasses</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Barnyard grass:</strong> Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. (Poaceae)</li>
<li><strong>Bermuda grass:</strong> Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Poaceae)</li>
</ul>
<h5>Sedges</h5>
<ul>
<li><strong>Purple nutsedge:</strong> Cyperus rotundus L. (Cypraceae)</li>
<li><strong>Flat sedge:</strong> Cyperus iria L. (Cypraceae)</li>
</ul>
<h3>Pests of Regional Significance</h3>
<h4>Insect pests</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Red mites:</strong> Tetranychus spp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) (Maharashtra)</li>
<li><strong>Rose chafer beetle:</strong> Macrodactylus subspinosus F., (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)</li>
<li><strong>Cock chafer beetle:</strong> Melolontha melolontha L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)</li>
<li><strong>Grape leaf roller:</strong> Sylepta lunalis Guen. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (Delhi)</li>
<li><strong>Scale Insects:</strong> Aspidiotus lataniaeSignoret (Hemiptera: Diaspididae)</li>
</ul>
<h4>Diseases</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Rust:</strong> Phakopsora vitis Ono</li>
<li><strong>Leaf Spot:</strong> Phomopsis viticola Erincik and Madden (Andhra Pradesh)</li>
<li><strong>Foot rot:</strong> Cylindrocarpon spp.</li>
<li><strong>Irregular cane</strong> maturity due to Botrydiplodia sp.</li>
</ul>
<h4>Nematode</h4>
<ul>
<li><strong>Reniform nematode:</strong> Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira (Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra)</li>
<li><strong>Dagger nematode:</strong> Xiphinema americanum Micol</li>
</ul>
<h3 style="float: left; ">IPM for Grapes</h3>
<p>To know the IPM practices for Grapes, <a href="http://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/integrated-pest-managment/ipm-for-fruit-crops/ipm-strategies-for-grapes/grapes-crop-stage-wise-ipm" target="_blank" class="internal-link">click here.</a></p>
<p><strong>Source:</strong> <a class="ext-link-icon external-link" href="http://niphm.gov.in/IPMPackages/Grapes.pdf" target="_blank" title="niphm.gov.in (External website that opens in new window)"><i>NIPHM</i></a> and <a class="ext-link-icon external-link" href="http://ppqs.gov.in/" target="_blank" title="ppqs.gov.in (External website that opens in new window)"><i>Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine &amp; Storage</i></a></p>
</div>

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